The book then proceeds to provide detailed guidance on the form and contents of the actual reference as well as the procedure both before the referring court and before the European Court of Justice. Finally, the preliminary ruling and its effects are explained together with the questions of costs and legal aid. Legal practitioners faced with the subtleties of a preliminary reference - be it as judge or advocate - will find this book of considerable value. The book is however much more than an advanced practitioners' guide. Written by authors with backgrounds in academia and practice the practical guidance is supplemented by critical analysis of the Court of Justice's practice, and the book is extensively referenced throughout with all the most relevant sources reproduced in the annexes.