Demand for energy will continue to grow in the coming decades. The rising population and the increasing electrification rate will put enormous demands on total energy supplies. Primarily, demand for energy could rise by 50% by mid-century. The aim of mankind must be to secure a sustainable method of energy production. This can only be ensured by increasing the share of renewable energy sources in the overall energy mix. The publication describes the current state of the use of RES in the global energy market, the exploitable and exploited potential of these sources, but also a vision of their use by various likely scenarios. The authors submit their expert opinions and recommendations to individual analyzes. Particularly in the part describing the state of the issue in Slovakia confronted with world trends.